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Inconel 625 Flange & Alloy 625 Weld Overlay

An Inconel alloy 625 welding neck flange made to API 6A 15,000 psi, 1-13/16", ASTM B564 UNS N06625, supplied to Quilicura, Chile.

  • Description

Characteristics & Applications

Open-die hammer

The open-die forging hammer for the manufacture of nickel alloy flanges.

The Inconel 625 flanges generally refer to pipe flanges made from ASTM B564 UNS N06625 forgings or ASTM B443 Grade N06625 plates. Inconel 625 is the famous proprietary tradename of alloy 625, which has the nominal chemical designation of 60Ni-22Cr-9Mo-3.5Nb. It is a nickel-chromium-molybdenum alloy with an addition of niobium that acts with the molybdenum to stiffen the alloy’s matrix and thereby provide high strength without a strengthening heat treatment. The alloy resists a wide range of severe corrosive environments and is especially resistant to pitting and crevice corrosion. It is usually used at service temperatures ranging from -325°F [-198°C] to 1200°F [649°C] in annealed condition. The Inconel alloy 625 flanges can be used in chemical and petrochemical processing, marine engineering, pollution-control piping, nuclear power systems, coal gasification and liquefaction piping, as well as pulp and paper industries.

Chemical Composition Requirements

ElementComposition, %
Ni≥58.0
Fe≤5.0
Mn≤0.50
C≤0.10
Si≤0.50
S≤0.015
Cr20.0-23.0
Al≤0.4
Ti≤0.4
Nb+Ta3.15-4.15
Mo8.0-10.0
P≤0.015
*The composition requirements for Inconel 625 flanges made of ASTM B564 or ASTM B443 Gr. N06625.

Mechanical Property Requirements

ASTM B564
Gr. N06625
M.S.T≤4"4"<M.S.T≤10"
Tensile Strength
min. MPa [ksi]
827 [120]758 [110]
Yield Strength
min. MPa [ksi]
414 [60]345 [50]
Elongation in
2", min. %
3025
*M.S.T: maximum section thickness of Inconel 625 flanges made from ASTM B564 Gr. N06625 forgings, applicable to all flange types.

Die forging by air hammer

The die forging of nickel alloy flanges by a pneumatic hammer.

ASTM B443
Gr. N06625
Requirements
Tensile Strength
min. MPa [ksi]
827 [120]
Yield Strength
min. MPa [ksi]
414 [60]
Elongation in
2", min. %
30
*Mechanical properties for Inconel 625 flanges made from ASTM B443 UNS N06625 Grade 1 (annealed) plates, applicable to flanges without hub.

Pressure-Temperature Ratings

Temp.
°F
150#
psi
300#
psi
400#
psi
600#
psi
-20-10029075010001500
20026075010001500
3002307309701455
4002007009301395
5001706658851330
6001406058051210
6501255907851175
7001105707551135
750955307101065
800805106751015
85065485650975
90050450600900
95035385515775
100020365485725
1050-360480720
1100-325430645
1150-275365550
1200-205275410
1250-165220330
1300-120160240
*P-T ratings for Inconel 625 flanges made of ASTM B564 Gr. N06625 or ASTM B443 Gr. N06625 in annealed condition: Class 150, Class 300, Class 400, Class 600.

Temp.
°F
900#
psi
1500#
psi
2500#
psi
-20-100225037506250
200225037506250
300218536406070
400209534905820
500199533255540
600181530255040
650176529404905
700170528404730
750159526604430
800152525404230
850146024354060
900135022453745
950116019303220
1000109018203030
1050108018003000
110096516102685
115082513702285
120061510301715
12504958251370
13003606001000
*P-T ratings for Inconel 625 flanges made of ASTM B564 Gr. N06625 or ASTM B443 Gr. N06625 in annealed condition: Class 900, Class 1500, Class 2500.

Alloy 625 Weld Overlay for Wetted & Sealing Surfaces

Due to the superior corrosion resistance and heat resistance, Inconel 625 flanges are a good choice for many piping applications involving severe & harsh service conditions. However, the disadvantage is that the nickel alloy is very expensive, especially when the flange size is large. The advent of weld overlay or weld cladding solved such a problem. The flange will be made from a conventional carbon and low alloy steel and is called “base metal”. All wetted and sealing surfaces of the flange that are in contact with the fluid flowing through, shall be deposited with one or several layers of alloy 625 metal by a welding process. When the deposited Inconel 625 alloy layers (known as “cladding metal”) are cooling down, it is integrally and continuously bonded onto the flange surfaces. The excellent properties of alloy 625 are imparted to the carbon or low alloy steel base metal by such an economic method.

Inconel 625 weld overlay flange

The RTJ groove and internal surfaces of a low-alloy steel flange are weld overlaid with Inconel 625 alloys in a plasma welding process.

Alloy 625 weld overlay is usually performed using the submerged arc welding process (SAW). However, flux-cored (either self-shielded or gas-shielded), plasma arc, and electroslag welding methods can also produce weld claddings. Filler metals are available as covered electrodes, coiled electrode wire, and strip electrodes. All welding shall be performed with a procedure and welders or welding operators that are qualified in accordance with Section IX of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code. After weld overlay, the alloy 625 cladding and base metal are brought together to form a metallurgical bond at essentially the entire interface of the two metals. The weld cladding shall be then ground or machined to the specified thickness. Generally, the filler metal of covered electrodes shall be AWS A5.11 ENiCrMo-3 for SMAW; while the filler metal of bare rods or electrodes shall be AWS A5.14 ERNiCrMo-3.

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