» Products » ASTM A213 TP321 Tubes | Solutioning & Stabilizing Heat Treatment

ASTM A213 TP321 Tubes | Solutioning & Stabilizing Heat Treatment

U-type heat exchanger tubes made of ASTM A213 Gr. TP321. These seamless tubes will be welded to a tubesheet for a petroleum refinery plant in Kuwait. Tubing size: 25.4 mm (o.d) x 2 mm (thk). The tubes shall be solution annealed followed by a stabilizing heat treatment.

  • Description

Chemical Composition Requirements

ElementComposition, %
C≤0.08
Mn≤2.00
P≤0.045
S≤0.030
Si≤1.00
Cr17.0~19.0
Ni9.0~12.0
Ti5(C+N)~0.70
*The UNS designation of ASTM A213 Gr. TP321 is S32100.

Mechanical Properties

Hardness &
Tensile Test
Requirements
Tensile Strength
min. MPa [ksi]
515 [75]
Yield Strength
min. MPa [ksi]
205 [30]
Elongation
in 2", min. %
35
Brinell Hardness
max. HBW
192
Vickers Hardness
max. HV
200
Rockwell Hardness
max. HRB
90
*Tensile & hardness requirements for ASTM A213 TP321 tubes.

Heat Treatment

The seamless heat exchanger tubes made of ASTM A213 TP321 are mainly used at elevated temperatures with excellent corrosion resistance. Grade TP321 is a stabilized stainless steel, in which titanium is added to avert sensitization to intergranular corrosion. The tubes shall be solutioning heat treated at a temperature between 1900°F [1040°C] and 1950°F [1065°C], followed by a quench in cold water. After all fabrication processes are completed, a stabilizing heat treatment is sometimes required at the temperature of 1650°F [900°C] for 2 to 4 hours. The purpose of the stabilizing heat treatment is to remove carbon from solution at temperatures where titanium carbides are stable but chromium carbides are not. Such treatment prevent the formation of chromium carbide when the steel is exposed to lower temperatures between 800°F [425°C] and 1500°F [815°C]. In this way, ASTM A213 TP321 seamless tubes can be used for applications in long-term exposure at sensitization temperatures.

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